TYPES
OF PLANE SURVEYING
OF PLANE SURVEYING
Base on the nature of work to be
done, we have the following types of the plane survey.
done, we have the following types of the plane survey.
1) Cadastral survey: Involves measuring,
delivery, recording the boundaries of precipitate, supplies map plan beyond a
parcel of land described in land register. This is kind of plane surveying used
in committed areas of land mostly private properties it is mainly used to establish
boundary of the precipitate.
delivery, recording the boundaries of precipitate, supplies map plan beyond a
parcel of land described in land register. This is kind of plane surveying used
in committed areas of land mostly private properties it is mainly used to establish
boundary of the precipitate.
2)Engineering surveying: This
embraces the survey work require before, during and after a engineering work,
it is done for the construction and design of new roads and rails roads.
embraces the survey work require before, during and after a engineering work,
it is done for the construction and design of new roads and rails roads.
The type of scale of engineering
surveying of archtechtural work drawing are 1 – 50 or
surveying of archtechtural work drawing are 1 – 50 or
1:50, 1:100, 1:200 for sight plane
and civil engineering work, scale of 1:500, 1:1000,
and civil engineering work, scale of 1:500, 1:1000,
1:2000, 1:2500 for town survey or
highway survey, we have scale of 1:2000, 1:2500,
highway survey, we have scale of 1:2000, 1:2500,
1:5000,
1:10000 etc.
3)Mining surveying: This is a plane
surveying used in determining the position and dimension of underground passage
of the mine and also the natural and artificial feature of the mine, the data
include both horizontal and vertical parts, length direction and slope of the
turning and geological and topographic characteristics in a particular
vicinity.
surveying used in determining the position and dimension of underground passage
of the mine and also the natural and artificial feature of the mine, the data
include both horizontal and vertical parts, length direction and slope of the
turning and geological and topographic characteristics in a particular
vicinity.
We can have open cast mine survey
and underground mine survey.
and underground mine survey.
It generally involves establishment
of mineral boundaries and fixation of reverence monuments such as locating bore
hole, rail roads and constructing geological map.
of mineral boundaries and fixation of reverence monuments such as locating bore
hole, rail roads and constructing geological map.
4)Road surveying: It is a plane
surveying carried out for the purpose of locating and constructing cones of
transportation and communication such as highways, rail roads, canal pipeline
etc. here primary work usually involve topographic survey.
surveying carried out for the purpose of locating and constructing cones of
transportation and communication such as highways, rail roads, canal pipeline
etc. here primary work usually involve topographic survey.
5)Hydrographic surveying: This is
the type of plane surveying carried out in relation to considerable body of
water such as lakes, rivers, ponds, etc.
the type of plane surveying carried out in relation to considerable body of
water such as lakes, rivers, ponds, etc.
The survey aims at determining
channel depth for the purposes of navigation, water supply or sub-aquatic
construction. In the case of river hydrographic surveying is made for flood
control, water storage and apply, navigation and power supply some of the process
in hydrographic surveying include (i) topographic survey of shore and bank, leveling
to determine underground profile.
channel depth for the purposes of navigation, water supply or sub-aquatic
construction. In the case of river hydrographic surveying is made for flood
control, water storage and apply, navigation and power supply some of the process
in hydrographic surveying include (i) topographic survey of shore and bank, leveling
to determine underground profile.
Plotting of such profile taking
cross section, calculating volume of networks measuring drawings areas and
laying out culvert and bridges.
cross section, calculating volume of networks measuring drawings areas and
laying out culvert and bridges.
Topographic surveying: This is a
plane surveying used in purchasing map’s and plans of natural and mammals
features such as relief, elevation, unequal land surfaces. There is no clear differences
between a plan and a map of this nature, it is generally accepted that open details
are rail drawn to a chosen scale while in map many textile has to be
represented in symbol.
plane surveying used in purchasing map’s and plans of natural and mammals
features such as relief, elevation, unequal land surfaces. There is no clear differences
between a plan and a map of this nature, it is generally accepted that open details
are rail drawn to a chosen scale while in map many textile has to be
represented in symbol.
Topographic plan survey are used for
engineering or design and administrative purpose only whereas topographic map
are found useful in navigation, constructional activities.
engineering or design and administrative purpose only whereas topographic map
are found useful in navigation, constructional activities.
The second characteristics of plane
survey base or equipment are
survey base or equipment are
1)Chain surveying or linear
surveying which include the use of chain or tape to measure distances.
surveying which include the use of chain or tape to measure distances.
2)Compass surveying: Which involves
the use of compass I getting bearing.
the use of compass I getting bearing.
3)Theoclatide surveying: Which
measure angles of elevation and depression
measure angles of elevation and depression
4)Leveling: Which make use of
abnormal level, land standard pole; leveling is defined as the process of finding
the differences
abnormal level, land standard pole; leveling is defined as the process of finding
the differences
between in height of any 2 points on
the ground.
the ground.
For the purpose of
a)Tracing contour line
b)Plotting vertical section
c)Establishing point at given any
elevation in constructional project.
elevation in constructional project.
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