How to used total
station
station
Total Station
Topographic Survey
Topographic Survey
Description
Using a total station and one or more pole-mounted reflecting prisms, plot all
topographic features and any additional ground shots that are required to
accurately define the terrain. See Figure D.l0.
Using a total station and one or more pole-mounted reflecting prisms, plot all
topographic features and any additional ground shots that are required to
accurately define the terrain. See Figure D.l0.
Equipment:Total
station and one, or more, pole-mounted reflecting prisms.
station and one, or more, pole-mounted reflecting prisms.
Procedure:
• Set the total station over a known
control point (northing, easting, and elevation known).
control point (northing, easting, and elevation known).
• Set the program menu to the type of
survey (topography) being performed and to the required instrument settings.
Select the type of field data to be stored (e.g., N, E, and Z, or E, N, and Z,
etc.). Set the temperature and pressure settings-if required.
survey (topography) being performed and to the required instrument settings.
Select the type of field data to be stored (e.g., N, E, and Z, or E, N, and Z,
etc.). Set the temperature and pressure settings-if required.
• Check configuration settings, for
example, tilt correction, coordinate format, zenith vertical angle, angle
resolution (e.g., 5″), c + r correction (e.g., no.), units (ft/m, degree,
mm Hg), and auto power off (say, 20′).
example, tilt correction, coordinate format, zenith vertical angle, angle
resolution (e.g., 5″), c + r correction (e.g., no.), units (ft/m, degree,
mm Hg), and auto power off (say, 20′).
• Identify the instrument station from
the menu. Insert the date, station number coordinates, elevation, and Hi.
the menu. Insert the date, station number coordinates, elevation, and Hi.
• Backsight to one or more known control
point(s) (point number, north and east coordinates, and elevation known). Set
the horizontal circle to 0°00’00” or to some assigned reference azimuth
for the backsight reference direction. Store or record the data. Measure and
store the reflector height.
point(s) (point number, north and east coordinates, and elevation known). Set
the horizontal circle to 0°00’00” or to some assigned reference azimuth
for the backsight reference direction. Store or record the data. Measure and
store the reflector height.
• Set the initial topography point
number in the instrument (e.g., 1,000), and set for automatic point number
incrementation.
number in the instrument (e.g., 1,000), and set for automatic point number
incrementation.
• Begin taking I.Ss. Most total stations
have an automatic mode for topographic surveys, where one button-push will
measure and store all the point data.
have an automatic mode for topographic surveys, where one button-push will
measure and store all the point data.
• Put all or some selected point numbers
on the field sketch. These field notes will be of assistance later in the
editing process if mistakes have occurred.
on the field sketch. These field notes will be of assistance later in the
editing process if mistakes have occurred.
• When all required points have been
surveyed, check into the control station originally back sighted to ensure that
the instrument orientation is still valid.
surveyed, check into the control station originally back sighted to ensure that
the instrument orientation is still valid.
• Transfer the field data into a
properly labeled file in a computer.
properly labeled file in a computer.
• After opening the data processing
program, import the field data file and begin the editing process and the
graphics generation process.
program, import the field data file and begin the editing process and the
graphics generation process.
• Create the TIN (Triangulated
Integrated Network) and Contours.
Integrated Network) and Contours.
• Either finish the drawing with the
working program or finish it on a CAD program.
working program or finish it on a CAD program.
• Prepare a plot file and then plot the
sheet on scale.
sheet on scale.
Reference: Surveying with Construction
Applications Seventh Edition
Applications Seventh Edition
Barry. F. Kavanagh pages: 616-620
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